When two nodes are attempting to reconnect after a period of disconnection, especially if one has undergone an IP change, the node_announcement message plays a crucial role. This message is part of the gossip layer, designed to update the network (or specific peers) about changes in a node's IP address. This ensures that despite changes in network configurations, nodes remain discoverable to each other.

Following the establishment of a new encrypted connection, a channel_reestablish message is transmitted. This sequence necessitates knowledge of the public keys involved. Knowing these keys allows the nodes to identify the correct channel state associated with them, facilitated further by the channel_id field for distinguishing among multiple channels tied to a single public key. To adapt to dynamic IP environments, nodes are encouraged to issue a new node_announcement upon detecting an IP change. This maintains the integrity and continuity of their connections within the network.

Moreover, advancements in specifications have introduced the possibility of using domain names in place of direct IP addresses in node announcements, as detailed in this GitHub pull request. Though not fully implemented in all network software, such as lnd, it represents a significant step towards more resilient networking practices. The discussion around this feature's implementation in lnd can be followed through a specific tracking issue. Additionally, lnd offers mechanisms like the --nat command-line argument for NAT traversal and the capability to monitor DNS domains for IP changes. When a change is detected, lnd proactively issues a new node_announcement with the updated information, as exemplified in their sample configuration, demonstrating a proactive approach to maintaining network connectivity and functionality amidst changing internet configurations.